Information technology – a set of methods, productive and software and technological tools, combined in a process chain for the collection, storage, processing, output and distribution of information to reduce the complexity of the processes of use of information resources, improve the reliability and efficiency of working with them.
Research logistics processes conducted at research centers in developed countries, indicate that the main directions of development of logistics systems in the coming years will be closely linked with computer technology. Consider the basic directions of development of information technologies.
· Internet technologies . search engines (Rambler, Yahoo), news servers (Web server X WORLD), online stores, browsers (browseгs) is a program that helps you find and browse hypertext documents that are placed in the Network, on the user’s computer (Internet Мicrosоft Explorer, Opera), email program (MS Outlook, The Bat), program for chatting (ICQ, IPhone) etc.
· Technology electronic data interchange ( EDI – Electronic Data Interchange) allows you to automate the creation, sending, receiving and processing of all electronic documents and integrate them with existing business applications. Technology EDI appeared in order to overcome the shortcomings inherent in the traditional process of document exchange in logistics, which, unfortunately for the Russian economy is still very common. These include: long cycle receipt/order confirmation, poorly written and unsupported process of agreeing changes to the order; high cost due to the need of constant telephone calls and adjustments, for a long period of invoicing.
· Electronic digital signature (EDS) – the requisite electron-nogo document intended to protect the electronic document from forgery, allowing to identify the owner of signature key certificate to establish the absence of distortion of information in an electronic document. Electronic document certified by EDS, is permitted in the arbitration process as written evidence and have the legal status of the document.
· Marking – marks, inscriptions and drawings on the product or packaging for their identification and guidance of modes of transport, processing and storage to improve the efficiency of goods production, safety, quality, compliance and international standards, as well as more effective control of the state at all stages of the logistic chain. Media labeling are divided into labels, labels, inserts, hang tags, neck labels, control tape, brands, labels, etc. In their structure marking usually includes three elements: a brief text, picture, legend of the goods or information signs. The label carries information on the use, quality, expiry date, date of manufacture product identification across the country, the manufacturer. The picture is not a mandatory element of the marking, the application intended, as a rule, the implementation of motivational and emotional functions, and much less identification and information. The purpose of the legend is to identify the specific product of the company, to distinguish it from the mass of similar products. They include: trademarks, names and marks of origin manipulation signs, environmental signs, warning signs, hazard signs, bar coding, and information identifying the signs, dimensional signs, operational signs, the component marks.
Component marks form a fairly extensive list of symbols and markings intended for the information about used food additives – “index E”, the chemical composition of the goods – paints, varnishes, metals, fillers, etc.
Dimensional signs are used to indicate specific physical quantities that determine the quantitative parameters of product: mass, weight, volume, length, etc.
Operating marked signs are intended for the information of the user operating instructions, installation, commissioning and maintenance of consumer products.
Warning signs markings are designed to ensure the safety of consumer products and the environment during transportation, storage and use of potentially dangerous goods by warning or instructions for compliance with the mandatory actions to prevent danger.
